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Polyethylene (PE) or PVC is the most common material for underground water line installation primarily because of its favorable properties that make it suitable for this application. These materials are lightweight, resistant to corrosion, and can withstand a variety of soil conditions and pressures without degrading over time. PE, in particular, offers flexibility and is highly resistant to cracking, making it less likely to break under pressure or extreme temperature changes.

Additionally, both polyethylene and PVC are less expensive compared to other materials, making them a cost-effective choice for installations. They also have smooth inner surfaces that minimize friction loss, contributing to efficient water flow. Installation processes for these materials are generally straightforward, which further promotes their use in underground systems.

This combination of durability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of installation contributes to their popularity as the preferred choice for underground water lines.